Data sources

Data sources and licences

Last updated: 2026-11-05

Numato's astrological calculations and its atlas of birth places use open scientific and official data. Below we list their authors and licences, in accordance with the terms under which they were made available. Notices required by licensors are given in their original wording. The atlas and the calculation results are Numato's own work: the authors and institutions listed are not responsible for them and do not endorse them, and they provided the source data without warranty (“as is”).

1. Atlas of birth places

The atlas combines data from the sources below. Changes made by Numato: selection of localities, checking and correcting time zones, merging data from official registers and converting coordinates to WGS 84.

• GeoNames — licence CC BY 4.0.
• Państwowy Rejestr Nazw Geograficznych — miejscowości, Główny Urząd Geodezji i Kartografii (geoportal.gov.pl) — data made available free of charge for any use.
• ISTAT — Basi territoriali 2021, località (istat.it) — licence CC BY 4.0; coordinates converted from UTM 32N to WGS 84.
• © BKG (2026) dl-de/by-2-0, Datenquellen: sgx.geodatenzentrum.de — Geographische Namen 1:250 000 (GN250); verändert: Koordinaten in WGS84 umgerechnet — licence Datenlizenz Deutschland – Namensnennung – Version 2.0.
• Fuente: INEGI, Catálogo Único de Claves de Áreas Geoestadísticas Estatales, Municipales y Localidades (inegi.org.mx); información procesada — licence Términos de libre uso de la información del INEGI.
• Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) — public domain.
• Servicio de normalización de datos geográficos — asentamientos (BAHRA, INDEC e IGN), Secretaría de Innovación Pública (datos.gob.ar) — licence CC BY 4.0.
• Obra derivada de NGMEP 2026 CC-BY 4.0 ign.es — Nomenclátor Geográfico de Municipios y Entidades de Población, edición 202603, Centro Nacional de Información Geográfica (CNIG) — licence CC BY 4.0.

2. Positions of celestial bodies and Earth rotation

• JPL Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides DE440 — R. S. Park, W. M. Folkner, J. G. Williams, D. H. Boggs, “The JPL Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides DE440 and DE441”, The Astronomical Journal 161:105 (2021), doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd414 — Courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech; positions of the Sun, Moon and planets.
• JPL Horizons, JPL Small-Body Database — Solar System Dynamics Group, Jet Propulsion Laboratory — Courtesy NASA/JPL-Caltech; orbit of Chiron (solution JPL#171) and of 16 asteroids and dwarf planets (including Ceres, Pallas, Juno, Vesta, Eris) with orbit uncertainty.
• L. V. Morrison, F. R. Stephenson, C. Y. Hohenkerk, M. Zawilski, “Addendum 2020 to ‘Measurement of the Earth's rotation: 720 BC to AD 2015’”, Proceedings of the Royal Society A 478:20200776 (2021), doi:10.1098/rspa.2020.0776; Table S15.2020, doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.29920388.v1; “Table of Delta T and change in the length of day from −2000 to +2500 (v 2020)”, doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.30111661.v1 — licence CC BY 4.0; ΔT, the difference between Terrestrial Time and Universal Time; changes made by Numato: interpolation and merging with IERS measurements.
• IERS Earth Orientation Centre (Observatoire de Paris), EOP 20 C04 — data provided free of charge, with acknowledgement of the source (iers.org); Earth orientation parameters.
• IERS Rapid Service/Prediction Centre (U.S. Naval Observatory), IERS Bulletin A; U.S. Naval Observatory, tai-utc.dat (IERS Bulletin C) — public domain; Earth rotation predictions and leap seconds.
• ERFA (Essential Routines for Fundamental Astronomy), Copyright © 2013–2023, NumFOCUS Foundation — licence BSD 3-Clause; some coefficients of the nutation, precession and sidereal time models; ERFA is derived from the SOFA library of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) but is not SOFA itself — neither the IAU nor the SOFA Board endorses Numato.

3. Civil time at the place of birth

• IANA Time Zone Database (tzdb) — public domain; time zones and daylight saving time since 1800, including historical data (backzone); checking the time zones in the atlas.
• OpenHistoricalMap — licence CC0 1.0; historical national borders.
• Département de l'Ain, « Ligne de démarcation » (data.gouv.fr, mise à jour du 15/07/2025) — licence Licence Ouverte 2.0; the demarcation line in France 1940–1942; changes made by Numato: simplification and closing of the line.
• API Découpage administratif (geo.api.gouv.fr), données récupérées le 05/11/2026 — licence Licence Ouverte 2.0; boundaries of French communes — used to set the uncertainty band along the demarcation line.

Dates of changes in civil time and in the calendar were also established from the legal acts and official journals of individual countries.

4. Contact

Comments on this list can be sent to [email protected].